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Date: April 30, 2024 Tue
Time: 4:03 am
Time: 4:03 am
Results for plastic waste
2 results foundAuthor: Rucevska, Ivea Title: Waste Crime -- Waste Risks: Gaps in Meeting the Global Waste Challenge Summary: A staggering 1.3 billion tonnes of food is produced each year to feed the world's 7 billion people. Yet, according to the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), around US$1 trillion of that food goes to waste. With 200,000 new people added every day, the world can ill afford to waste such a massive amount of food. Global waste, however, does not stop at food. Consumers are increasingly buying products that are wrapped in plastics and paper. Much of this packaging - and eventually the products themselves - will end up in landfills. This trend has both health and environmental consequences, especially given the rapid rise of hazardous waste such as electronics. Innovative solutions to combat "e-waste" are emerging. Recovering valuable metals and other resources locked inside electronic products, for example, can reduce e-waste. Not only can recycling reduce pressure on the environment, it can also create jobs and generate income. Indeed, the global waste market sector - from collection to recycling - is estimated to be US$410 billion a year, excluding a very large informal sector. As with any large economic sector, however, there are opportunities for illegal activities at various stages of the waste chain. In the rush for profits, operators may ignore waste regulations and expose people to toxic chemicals. On a larger scale, organized crime may engage in tax fraud and money laundering. About 41.8 million metric tonnes of e-waste was generated in 2014 and partly handled informally, including illegally. This could amount to as much as USD 18.8 billion annually. Without sustainable management, monitoring and good governance of e-waste, illegal activities may only increase, undermining attempts to protect health and the environment, as well as to generate legitimate employment. The evolution of crime, even transnational organized crime, in the waste sector is a significant threat. Whether the crime is associated with direct dumping or unsafe waste management, it is creating multi-faceted consequences that must be addressed. Details: United Nations Environment Programme and GRID-Arendal, Nairobi and Arendal, www.grida.no, 2015. 68p. Source: Internet Resource: UNEP Rapid Response Assessment: Accessed June 7, 2016 at: http://www.unep.org/delc/Portals/119/publications/rra-wastecrime.pdf Year: 2015 Country: International URL: http://www.unep.org/delc/Portals/119/publications/rra-wastecrime.pdf Shelf Number: 139301 Keywords: Electronic WasteHazardous WasteOffenses Against the EnvironmentOrganized CrimePlastic WasteWaste |
Author: Environment and Social Development Organization, Bangladash Title: Illegal import and trade off of e-waste in Bangladesh Summary: E-waste problems related to trade off and trans-boundary movement in the developing countries address environmental, social, and economic effects. As we know, illegal trade in wastes continues to this day. Interestingly, trends and patterns in waste trade have changed. In recent, most used electrical and electronic equipment (EEE) / products are shipped from the developed countries to the developing countries like Bangladesh. With its more than 14 million inhabitants and considerable economic growth rates, the local consumption of electrical and electronic equipment (EEE) is growing day by day in Bangladesh. While this growth is desirable from a development perspective and in particular regarding living standard and access to information and communication technologies (ICTs), it also raises the question on sound end-of-life solutions which are not yet in place in the country. E-waste has become the fastest growing waste stream in Bangladesh and has emerged as a lucrative business. Every year Bangladesh generates roughly 2.7 million metric tons of e-waste. Out of these 2.7 million metric tons, ship breaking industry alone generates 2.5 million metric tons. Bangladesh import scrap ships from developed countries as it has no/inadequate legal rules and regulations to import such highly polluted scrap products and equipments. According to the UNEP study, the developed nations dump e-waste in "developing" Asian countries (India, Bangladesh, China and Pakistan) through illegal trade routes. Illegal trade off of e-waste Developed countries have strict rules and regulations to manage their e-waste. On the other hand, developing countries don't have such kind of adequate rules and policies for the management of imported e-waste. Illegal trade of e-waste occurs mainly due to avoid external cost raised from the management of e-waste in developed countries, and to gain economic benefit by importer of developing countries. Vulnerability of Bangladesh to e-waste Bangladesh is developing with the increasing of technology usage. Sustainable and safe use of technology can drive an economically developed country. But the wastes from these electronic goods come to us as curse. We consume and dump the useless products without any consideration of environmental damages and sustainability. Moreover, every year significant no. of scrap ships is imported to Bangladesh by importer legally and/illegally. These ships are broken in ship breaking yard located mainly in southern part of Bangladesh. During ship breaking, no. of heavy metals and toxic pollutants emit to environment and oil spills to land and water bodies. As Bangladesh has binding to import scrap ships, thus illegal import and trade off of e-waste is happening by importer to make profit and hence, e-waste vulnerability of Bangladesh is increasing. The scrap ships are carrying large volume of toxics products and electrical & electronic waste, includes: antiques, barometers, clothes irons, electronics, lamps/light bulbs, light switches, paint(Latex), pesticides, television sets, thermometers, mirrors, washing machines, calculators, desktop liquid crystal display(LCD) monitors, laptop, LCD monitors, neon lights, sewer pipes, etc. E-waste exporting country Bangladesh imports electronic goods, ship scraps and scrap metal, from developed countries. Brain-damaging mercury and toxic electronic and plastic wastes from the United States; cancer-causing asbestos from Canada; defective steel and tin plates from the European Union, Australia and the U.S.; toxic waste oil from the United Arab Emirates, Iran and Kuwait; toxic zinc ash, residues and skimming; lead waste and scrap; used batteries; and waste and scrap of metals such as cadmium, chromium, cobalt, antimony, hafnium and thallium from Germany, Denmark, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, Belgium and Norway are all dumped on Bangladesh. Objectives 1. To identify the situation and present scenario of e-waste trade, import and recycling 2. To assess the impact of e-waste on human health 3. To find out the gaps of current legislative and policy of e-waste trade off, disposal and management. Details: Dhaka: Author, 2011. 11p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed April 19, 2019 at: https://ipen.org/sites/default/files/t/2012/09/Report-on-Illegal-import-and-trade-off-of-e-waste.pdf Year: 2011 Country: Bangladesh URL: https://ipen.org/sites/default/files/t/2012/09/Report-on-Illegal-import-and-trade-off-of-e-waste.pdf Shelf Number: 155470 Keywords: E-Waste Electronic Waste Environmental Crime Illegal Trade Illegal Waste Offenses Against the Environment Plastic WastePollution |